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№3' 2021

INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International Medical Journal, Vol. 27., Iss. 3, 2021, P. 72−75.

DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2021-3-15)

STUDY OF CYTOKINE PROFILE DYNAMICS IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH CHICKENPOX

V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine

In order to determine the nature of changes in immunological processes in adult patients with chickenpox, depending on the severity of the disease, 157 patients were examined. Immunological examination included quantification of concentrations of cytokines IL−1β, IL−4, IL−6, IL−10, IL−17, IL−23. Favorable course of chickenpox in the first week of the disease was found to be associated with a pronounced response of pro−inflammatory cytokines IL−1β and IL−6 with a decrease in the production of anti−inflammatory cytokines IL−4, IL−10. The severe course of this disease was characterized with low levels of production of these cytokines. In the second week of the disease, IL−10 was recorded in increased serum levels in all patients with moderate severity. However, in the group of patients with severe course, its level differed towards a decrease from the control values. No significant changes in the content of IL−4 were found. When analyzing the content of the mediator of autoimmune inflammation IL−17A, it was exceeded 8.5 times in patients in the first week relative to the control group (p < 0,01). In the second week of inpatient treatment, a moderate decrease in IL−17A activity was observed (p > 0,05). At hospitalization, an increase in the level of proinflammatory Th1−cytokine IL−23 relative to the control group by 2.5 times (p < 0,05) was found. Prior to a discharge from the infectious hospital, the content of IL−23 was slightly higher than that for healthy donors. It is concluded that in patients with chickenpox hyperproduction of proinflammatory serum cytokines (IL−1β, IL−6, IL17A, IL−23) indicates an early strong combined Th1−Th2−immune response with the presence of autoimmune and allergic inflammatory reactions. In these patients, anti−inflammatory reactions are limited (moderate activation of IL−4, IL−10) and indicate insufficient immune suppression of inflammatory processes.

Key words: chickenpox, cytokines, adult patients, laboratory diagnostics.

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