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№3' 2021

NEUROLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 27., Iss. 3, 2021, P. 63−66.

DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2021-3-13)

CHARACTERISTICS OF RISK FACTORS FOR ISCHEMIC STROKE IN LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS

Republican Hospital of Medical Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku

Law enforcement is associated with high levels of stress, contributing to an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease among police officers. They often have traditional risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. In addition, the police officers experience sudden physical exertion, acute and chronic psychological stress, difficulty of night shifts and exposure to noise. To study the structure of subtypes of ischemic stroke and establish their relationship with risk factors for its development, 225 law enforcement officers were surveyed. The following subtypes of stroke have been identified: atherothrombotic pathogenetic, disorders of hemostasis and hemorheology (stroke on the background of coagulopathy). Accompanying and background diseases were dominated by hypertension, atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels and their combinations, atrial fibrillation, Diabetes mellitus. The severity of neurological symptoms among patients was quite similar, the exception was the patients with lacunar stroke − they differed from others with the NIHSS lower score, but in the dynamics these differences were smoothed. Functional activity on admission to the hospital was also higher in the subgroup with lacunar stroke compared with that between groups, and then by the 21st day the differences disappeared. Early detection of leading risk factors is the most important measure of ischemic stroke prevention. An integral part of prevention is a lifestyle change with an emphasis on regular physical activity, a diet low in salt and saturated fat, as well as high in fruits and vegetables, weight loss and smoking cessation and alcohol abuse. Adequate long−term secondary prevention is associated with a reduced risk of death and recurrent stroke, as well as improved outcomes under normal conditions.

Key words: ischemic stroke, brain vascular diseases, diagnosis, neurological aspects.

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