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№2' 2021

PSYCHIATRY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 27., Iss. 2, 2021, P. 75−78.

DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2021-2-13)

FEATURES OF SELF-PERCEPTION DISORDERS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF "BODILY DYSPHORIA"

Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

Psychological study of the "bodily dysphoria" phenomenon as a distress caused by abnormal−negative perception of one's own bodies, requires the examining of psychobiographical, genodispositional, psychotraumatic, psychosocial, introspective and behavioral characteristics of the persons suffering from gender identity disorder, anorexia, behavioral identity disorder obesophobia and dysmorphophobia, as well as the patients having an experience of living in this range of conditions. In order to develop the principles of clinical and psychological examination of the persons with gender identity disorders, digestive behavior and dysmorphophobia in the perspective of the concept of "bodily dysphoria", a prospective pilot study was conducted with the participation of 37 individuals. Among the contingent of patients were those with gender dysphoria, anorexia nervosa and bulimia, manifestations of dysmorphophobia (in the structure of anxiety and depression). The study used anamnestic and clinical−psychological methods. Certain groups of distress factors in "bodily dysphoria" were given general characteristics by means of the method of structured psychodiagnostic interview of patients (according to the structure of the author's questionnaire). Psychological problematization of the concept of "bodily dysphoria" is not possible without homogenization of the elements of distress, which is in the persons being in a state of disturbed gender identity, eating behavior and aesthetic component of self−perception. Each of the elements of distress can be implemented via three basic affective reactions: frustration, anxiety, adversion. Based on the analysis of self−perception in the surveyed contingent, 13 main categories of distress were identified: morphological, functional, genodispositional, somatoaffective, prospective, sexual, invective, hedonistic, competent, attributive, social, appellate, aesthetic.

Key words: gender dysphoria, bodily dysphoria, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, dysmorphophobia, anxiety.

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