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CURRENT ISSUE

№1' 2022

CARDIOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 28., Iss. 1, 2022, P. 11−16.

DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2022-1-2)

RELAXIN-2 AS A PROMISING BIOMARKER OF CARDIOMETABOLIC DISEASES

Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common non−communicable diseases, the leading risk factors for which are the presence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes in a patient. The versatile nature of etiopathogenesis complicates the process of their early diagnosis and determines the search for new diagnostic possibilities. The role of relaxin−2 being a reproductive hormone, which can be considered as a biomarker of cardiometabolic diseases, has been determined. It is a pleiotropic hormone with vasodilating, antifibrotic, antihypertrophic, antioxidant, antiapoptic, angiogenic, metabolic and anti−inflammatory effects, that also allows it to be considered as a potential pharmacological molecule when treating the cardiovascular disease. Relaxin−2 is involved in regulation of glucose metabolism, based on the similarity of its structures to insulin. This hormone improves muscle perfusion, increases muscle glucose uptake, and helps to reduce muscle insulin resistance. The results of studies confirm a special role in the metabolism modulatiom. It increases the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, carboxylic acid malate and amino acids aspartic acid, D (−) − 2−aminobutyric acid, asparagine, glutamine, and enhances the activation of AMPK in the liver, which has hepatoprotective properties and regulates energy. At base of the antioxidant activity of relaxin−2 there is its ability to reduce oxidative stress by inhibiting the secretion of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial superoxide and, consequently, reducing the oxidative oxidation of cell membrane lipids. Relaxin−2 may play a special role in the early diagnosis of cardiometabolic diseases, as it, due to its vasoactive and cardioprotective influences, affects the regulation of metabolism, which allows it to be considered as a biomarker.

Key words: cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 Diabetes mellitus, relaxin−2, insulin resistance, metabolism, antioxidant action.

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