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№3' 2021

PSYCHIATRY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 27., Iss. 3, 2021, P. 44−47.


DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2021-3-9)

PATHOPLASTIC INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC FACTORS ON CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF DISEASE IN ADOLESCENTS WITH MILD MENTAL RETARDATION


Chabaniuk S. O.

Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

Assuming a strong prevalence of mental retardation among all age groups, the analysis of the impact of social factors on formation of personality with intellectual decline is extremely relevant, especially in terms of improving the adaptation and rehabilitation of this group of people. Existing methods for assessing the clinical manifestations of mild mental retardation are often incongruent, as they study a purely medical aspect and, as a rule, do not take into account its psychological, spiritual, social and financial aspects. It is the atmosphere in the family, the proper organization and full functioning of interpersonal relationships are prerequisites for the development of cognitive functions of the child and the full formation of its emotional sphere. To study the influence of socio−hygienic factors on the clinical design of pathology in adolescents with mild mental retardation, 154 patients were examined. The study used as the main method "Map for clinical and epidemiological studies", which included socio−demographic and anamnestic information, the clinical part with a description of the existing symptoms and syndromes. The study found that the most significant factors are: age of onset, severity of psychopathological disorders, disease progression, intellectual development up to adulthood, presence of concomitant mental pathology, social environment and living conditions. It is noted that more than half of the subjects had in the clinical picture of mild mental retardation some manifestations of complications. Negative microsocial factors that most often affected adolescents with mild mental retardation complicated by additional mental disorders were: poor upbringing, large family, family conflicts, and low financial level.

Key words: mental retardation, social adaptation, psychoeducation, rehabilitation, psychiatry.


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