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№1' 2021

THERAPY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 27., Iss. 1, 2021, P. 10−18.

DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2021-1-2)

FORMATION, ASSESSMENT AND CORRECTION OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH COMORBID CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY AND CORONARY HEART DISEASES

Government Institution "L. T. Malaya Therapy National Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Ukraine

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an important health, social and economic issue. It is one of the leading morbidity and mortality causes worldwide. Comorbid pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary and coronary heart diseases occurs quite often. For the patients over 60 years, the frequency of their combination directly depends on age due to common pathogenetic mechanisms (oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, etc.). Often these diseases are accompanied with cognitive disorders. Impaired memory and other cognitive functions significantly reduce the quality of life of the patients, negatively affect professional activities, reduce the ability to learn, reduce compliance with therapy, complicate psychological contact with the physician, and worsen the lives of relatives. But there is still no common clear understanding of many aspects of the development of cognitive disorders, their mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with coronary heart disease. Therefore, there is no single standard method to treat such patients. In addition to medications (vasoactive and neurotropic drugs), alternative methods are used to treat cognitive disorders, namely these are special exercises to train memory and attention (cognitive training). Methods aimed at increasing the patient's motivation, learning effective memorization strategies, training the ability to maintain a long−term concentration, active involvement of emotional support and imagination are relevant. The use of available non−drug methods, dosed exercise and proper nutrition can reduce the severity of cognitive disorders and thereby improve the quality of life of the patients and their immediate environment.

Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, comorbidity, cognitive disorders

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