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№1' 2018

ONCOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 24., Iss. 1, 2018, P. 64−67.


CONTEMPORARY VIEWS ON THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF OVARIAN CANCER


Bazarynska T. V.

Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine

To date, ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic cancer. Early detection efforts and new therapeutic approaches to reducing mortality have not yielded meaningful results, perhaps because the origin and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer have been poorly studied. Studies have shown that epithelial ovarian cancer is not a single disease and consists of a diverse group of tumors that can be classified using their morphological and molecular genetic features. Ie−Ming Shih and Robert J. Kurman created a dualistic model in which all ovarian cancers were divided into two types. One group of tumors was called «low−grade» type. Highly differentiated serous, endometrioid, mucinous and light−celled cancers were attributed to it. These tumors, as a rule, are large and limited to the ovary, are prone to a slower course. The second group −− «high−grade» type −− includes tumors that have a high degree of aggressiveness and develop rapidly: low−grade serous carcinomas, undifferentiated carcinomas, malignant mixed mesodermal tumors (carcinosarcomas), some low−grade clear−celled ones. New data on the etiology and pathogenesis of ovarian cancer have not only a fundamental, but also an important clinical significance, since they allow formation of scientifically based risk groups.

Key words: ovarian cancer, etiology, pathogenesis, dualistic model of ovarian cancer.


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