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№1' 2017
INFECTIOUS DISEASESInternational Medical Journal, Vol. 23., Iss. 1, 2017, P. 70−76.
THE TYPES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE IN DIFFERENT FORMS OF EPSTEIN - BARR VIRUS INFECTION
V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine
The relevance of Epstein−Barr virus infection is caused by a high degree of infection of the population not only in Ukraine but also all over the world, as specific antibodies to that virus are detected in almost 95 % of the adult population. To establish the types of immune reaction for prognosis of the clinical course of disease in patients with various forms of EBV−infection we analyzed the dynamics of multidirectional synthesis of cytokines (IL−1?, TNF−?, IL−6, IL−2, IL−4 and IL−10). Four types of immune reaction: I −− normoreactive type (significant increase in pro−inflammatory and anti−inflammatory cytokines), II −− dissociative (high levels of pro−inflammatory cytokines and low levels of the regulator cytokine IL−2 and anti−inflammatory cytokines), III −− hyporeactive (low concentrations of both pro−inflammatory and anti−inflammatory cytokines), and IV −− hyperreactive (high concentrations of both pro−inflammatory and anti−inflammatory cytokines) were distinguished in patients with EBV−infection. The obtained findings allowed to conclude about the existence of cytokine imbalance in EBV−infection. The established types of immune reaction testify to inadequate cellular−humoral reactivity of the organism under the conditions of persistent EBV−infection manifesting suppression of cellular−mediated and intensification of humoral mechanisms of immune response and reflected in clinical−biochemical manifestations of the disease that results in prolonged intermittent course. It is the functional imbalance of immunity links towards priority of Тh2 type production, which biological effects are directed to limitation of intensity and prevalence of inflammatory process in different organs, that promotes prolongation of viral persistence.
Key words: Epstein − Barr virus infection, immunity, cytokines, types of immune response.