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№2' 2015

RADIATION DIAGNOSIS

International Medical Journal, Vol. 21., Iss. 2, 2015, P. 98−102.

THE CAPABILITIES OF TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF BACKGROUND CERVICAL DISEASES

Stakhanov Maternity Hospital, Lugansk region, Ukraine

The paper presents the literature and the original data on the capabilities of transvaginal sonography in the diagnosis of background diseases of the cervix (endocervical hyperplasia, polyps, pseudoerosions, chronic endocervicitis). It is shown that endocervical hyperplasia is characterized by thickening, increased echogenicity in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. In severe hyperplasia of the total thickness of sheets of endocervical is 12.1±1.1 mm. The polyps located in the external os are hardly differentiated from the surrounding tissue, and polyps of the cervical canal can be seen better, especially on a short stem with a clear, smooth contour, surrounded by the liquid on three sides. Pseudoerosions were diagnosed in 73 (96.1 %) women of 76 colposcopically identified. They were characterized by the presence of small slit−like inclusions and cystic cavities of irregular shape measuring less than 3 mm in the external os. Ultrasound picture of endocervicitis was studied in 60 women. It was found that it the possible ultrasonic endocervicitis criteria were thickening of M−echo over 5 mm (78.3 %); heterogeneous structure of the endocervix (96.6 %); endocervical hyperechoic inclusions (38.3 %); rough boundary between the mucosa and muscle layer (76.6 %); multiple small cysts (41.6 %); expansion of the cervical canal in the ovulatory period (63.3 %); small hyperechoic inclusions with an acoustic path (23.3 %); increased vascularization of the endocervix (68 %).

Key words: transvaginal ultrasonography, uterine cervix, background diseases.