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№3' 2014
PSYCHIATRYInternational Medical Journal, Vol. 20., Iss. 3, 2014, P. 102−106.
Anxiety and phobic disorders: clinical features, diagnosis, treatment principles
A. I. Yuschenko Vinnytsia Regional Psychoneurology Hospital, Ukraine
Anxiety and phobic disorders are nonpsychotic disorders often associated with long−term, difficultly emotionally experienced psychoemotional stress. Anxiety and phobic disorders include phobic, panic, generalized anxiety, mixed anxiety and depressive, obsesive−compulsive disorders. The factors contributing to development of anxiety and phobic disorders include burdened by mental illness (primarily neurotic and depressive disorders) heredity; the presence of organic predisposition in the form of prenatal, intrapartum (birth asphyxia) and postnatal (head injury, CNS, acute and chronic intoxication) of brain damage; personality traits (anxious−hypochondriac, anankastic features); a history of neurotic and depressive disorders; psycho−emotional stress in the period preceding the disease. Clinical characteristics of various disorders are common but often with varying degrees of severity may occur simultaneously (combined), or at different stages of the disease, acquiring clinically distinct or subsyndromal forms. A combination of various distinct syndromes reaching degree of independent disorders suggest comorbidity disorders. The main directions in the treatment of anxiety disorders at the present stage are a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.
Key words: anxiety disorders, emotional disorders, psychotherapy.