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№4' 2018
DERMATOVENEREOLOGYInternational Medical Journal, Vol. 24., Iss. 4, 2018, P. 76−80.
VITAMIN D AND SKIN PATHOLOGY
Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine
In recent years, information has been obtained on the role of vitamin D in the mechanism of development and treatment of many diseases; its participation in many biological processes (modulation of cell growth, neuromuscular conductivity, immunity and inflammation, angiogenesis) has been shown. Vitamin D is a unique substance that, under certain conditions, acts as a hormone. Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of autoimmune and atopic diseases, tumors, cardiovascular, infectious diseases, etc. Vitamin D is involved in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of cells of all organs and tissues, including immunocompetent cells, skin cells. It directly initiates a congenital immune response, modulates the proliferation of T−lymphocytes, inhibits the development of Th17 lymphocytes, slows B−cell differentiation, inhibits Th1−associated production and stimulates Th2−associated cytokines, etc. filaggrin, participates in the formation of the stratum corneum, while suppressing the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, stimulates the formation of antimicrobial peptides, has a photoprotective effect. The role of vitamin D disorders in the pathogenesis of skin diseases: eczematous, autoimmune, bullous, and so on is discussed. Vitamin D reduces susceptibility to infection in patients and controls the local inflammatory immune response. Detection of the anti−inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity of vitamin D opens up new possibilities for the therapeutic use of this substance and its analogues in skin diseases.
Key words: vitamin D, deficiency/insufficiency, pathogenesis, skin, chronic dermatoses.