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№1' 2020

OPHTHALMOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 26., Iss. 1, 2020, P. 56−60.

DOI (https://doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2020-1-12)

CONCEPT OF INFORMATION PROCESSES ORGANIZATION IN HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM

Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv, Ukraine
Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

Recent studies have shown that both traditional and modern (electronic) visual media significantly affect the processes occurring in the visual system of children and adolescents, iin the development of which the concept of controlled and uncontrolled elements is used. When studying the adaptation of the visual system to a visual load, ensuring the uptake, transmission and processing of visual information, its structural and functional organization is taken into account. The proposed summarized scheme of information processes in the visual system takes into account and significantly supplements the main provisions of the object−oriented model of selective visual attention, based on current methods of intelligent data processing. The results of the study indicate the complexity of the visual information transformation path from a visual stimulus to the creation and awareness of the image, occurring in the higher parts of the brain. The whole apparatus of encoding, transmitting, processing and perceiving visual information is useless if the guidance and focusing unit does not provide a clear and undistorted image of the objects of the outside world on the retina. In case of any malfunctions of the first unit or in the presence of defects in the visual system, the processes of finding compensation for this condition and modes of operation are started, which allows to obtain the most complete and high−quality perception of visual objects. These processes can lead to the formation of a visual system with sufficiently high visual functions or monocular one, if the compensation of existing problems will have a high "price". With the help of the proposed concept of organization of information processes in the visual system it is possible to assess the role of each of its considered blocks not only in the perception of visual information, but also the formation of this system in children and adolescents.

Key words: visual system, information processes, visual information.

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