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№1' 2018

CARDIOLOGY

International Medical Journal, Vol. 24., Iss. 1, 2018, P. 5−10.


FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE RIGHT HEART CHAMBERS IN NEWBORNS OF PERINATAL RISK GROUP IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD


Boichenko A. D.

Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

At present, cardiovascular disorders are the leading cause of death in the developed countries. In addition to the known risk factors associated with lifestyle or genetically determined, the evidence that in some cases the predisposition to cardiovascular diseases is formed even at the antenatal stage of life has appeared. The study implied the assessment of functional state of the right heart chambers in neonatal infants from the perinatal risk group in the neonatal period according to comprehensive evaluation of ultrasound findings of tissue myocardial Doppler imaging. A total of 285 newborns were examined: group 1 −− 108 healthy full−term newborns, group 2 −− 125 premature infants with a gestational age of 24−37 weeks, group 3 −− 52 infants with intrauterine growth retardation. In the early neonatal period, temporary systolic dysfunction of the right ventricle was detected in 26.9 % of children with intrauterine growth retardation and 23.2 % of premature infants, which occurs at the end of the first week of life. Tei index and fractional change in the area of the right ventricle are additional informative indices of systolic function of the right ventricle. The peculiarities of right ventricle diastolic function formation were determined in 85.6 % (p < 0.05) of premature infants; in the form of abnormal relaxation and in an undefined type in 8.0% of newborns; in 84.6 % (p < 0.05) of newborns with intrauterine growth retardation according in the form of abnormal relaxation and in 11.5 % in an undefined type. Follow−up examination showed normalization of the diastolic function in 3/4 of premature infants from the age of 5−6 months of the actual age, stabilization of the diastolic function in 1/3 of children by 6−8 months of the actual age. Employment of double Doppler technique provides important additional information on myocardial function of the right ventricle. The results of the study of the cardiovascular system of newborns from the perinatal risk groups show the importance of a long−term follow−up of development of such diseases in premature patients with intrauterine growth retardation, as well as the necessity of prospective studies of possible mechanisms that can trigger cardiovascular programming for the onset of the disease in the future.

Key words: right ventricle, newborns, Doppler echocardiography, neonatal period.


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